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Low temperature synthesis of high quality two-dimensional (2D) materials directly on flexible substrates remains a fundamental limitation towards scalable realization of robust flexible electronics possessing the unique physical properties of atomically thin structures. Herein, we describe room temperature sputtering of uniform, stoichiometric amorphous MoS 2 and subsequent large area (>6.25 cm 2 ) photonic crystallization of 5 nm 2H-MoS 2 films in air to enable direct, scalable fabrication of ultrathin 2D photodetectors on stretchable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates. The lateral photodetector devices demonstrate an average responsivity of 2.52 μW A −1 and a minimum response time of 120 ms under 515.6 nm illumination. Additionally, the surface wrinkled, or buckled, PDMS substrate with conformal MoS 2 retained the photoconductive behavior at tensile strains as high as 5.72% and over 1000 stretching cycles. The results indicate that the photonic crystallization method provides a significant advancement in incorporating high quality semiconducting 2D materials applied directly on polymer substrates for wearable and flexible electronic systems.more » « less
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Gallium‐based metal alloys have high electrical conductivity in the liquid state at room temperature. These liquid metal conductors inspire unique electronic applications such as reconfigurable circuits and stretchable components with extremely high strain tolerance. Previously, liquid metals have been successfully patterned via direct‐writing, yielding metallically conductive features on‐demand at room temperature that do not require post‐processing, down to a resolution of ≈10 μm. While most direct‐write processes extrude materials from a nozzle via pressure or volumetric displacement, liquid metal is instead printed here by a shear‐driven mechanism that occurs when the oxide‐coated meniscus of the metal adheres to the printing substrate and is “pulled” from the nozzle at pressures that are well‐below that needed to extrude the metal in the absence of shear. Herein, the key operating parameters that enable shear‐driven printing of liquid metals including dispensing pressure, choice of substrate, print height, the surrounding environmental conditions, and the speed and acceleration of the print head are elucidated. A guide to the best practices as well as limitations for implementing shear‐driven printing of liquid metals at room temperature is provided in these studies.